American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

On-line handwriting recognition is the task of determining what letters or words are present in handwritten text. It is of significant benefit to man-machine communication and can assist in the automatic processing of handwritten documents. It is a subtask of the Optical Character Recognition (OCR), whose domain can be machine-print only.The introduced system is a character-based recognition and it is a writer independent system. The recognition responsibility of the proposed system is for 52 character classes [uppercases (A-Z) and the lowercases (a-z)]. The suggested system includes the essential stages needed for most of the pattern recognition systems. These stages are the preprocessing stage, the features extraction stage, the pattern matching and classification stage and the postprocessing stage. The proposed method employs the 3 Dimensional Multiwavelet transform 3D-DMWTCS using multiresolution image decomposition techniques working together with multiple classification methods as a powerful classifier. The classification stage is designed by using a minimum distance classifier depending on Euclidean Distance which has a high speed performance. The system design also includes a modest postprocessing stage that makes a consistency between the recognized characters within the same word in relation to their upper and lower cases.The overall classification accuracy of proposed systems can be obtained are 95.305 percent with 3D-DMWTCS based on the Rimes database.

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2015, 3(2), 51-63. DOI: 10.12691/ajeee-3-2-5
Pub. Date: April 27, 2015

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Security Constrained Economic Environmental Dispatch through Fuzzy Based Gravitational Search Algorithm

by P. K. Hota and N. C. Sahu

Original Research

A robust and reliable algorithm called as fuzzy based gravitational search algorithm has been developed for solution of the security constrained economic and environmental load dispatch (EED) problems. A fuzzy maximizing decision approach using gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is applied to a six-unit thermal power test system to obtain the best compromising solution. The usefulness and quality of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through its application to the test system in terms of convergence speed, solution time and minimum operating cost. The obtained results from the proposed algorithm confirm the effectiveness and potential of the promising proposed algorithm compared to conventional method, real coded genetic algorithm (GA), hybrid GA and PSO methods, performed in different central load dispatch centers to solve multi-objective generation dispatch problems.

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2015, 3(2), 44-50. DOI: 10.12691/ajeee-3-2-4
Pub. Date: April 26, 2015

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Synchronization of Diffusively Coupled Oscillators: Theory and Experiment

by B. Nana and P. Woafo

Original Research

In this paper complete synchronization of diffusively coupled oscillators is considered. We present the results of both, theoretical and experimental investigations of synchronization between two, three and four almost identical oscillators. The method of linear difference signal has been applied. The corresponding differential equations have been integrated analytically and the synchronization threshold has been found. Hardware experiments have been performed and the measured synchronization error of less than 1% has been determined. Good agreement is found between theoretical and experimental results.

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2015, 3(2), 37-43. DOI: 10.12691/ajeee-3-2-3
Pub. Date: April 09, 2015

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Simple Mathematical Model for Ferromagnetic Core Inductance and Experimental Validation

by B. Nana, S. B. Yamgoué, R. Tchitnga and P. Woafo

Original Research

In determining the properties and inductance of ferromagnetic core inductor, hysteresis modeling is of high importance. Many models are available to investigate those characteristics but they tend to be complex and difficult to implement. In this paper, we report a new mathematical model based on the experimental data of hysteresis for ferromagnetic core inductor. The proposed model can restore the hysteresis curve with a little RMS error. We used the model to determine analytically the expression of the current in a RL series circuit forced by an alternating source. A good agreement is found between our theoretical and experimental results.

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2015, 3(2), 29-36. DOI: 10.12691/ajeee-3-2-2
Pub. Date: April 08, 2015

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The 5th Generation Mobile Wireless Networks- Key Concepts, Network Architecture and Challenges

by Arun Agarwal, Gourav Misra and Kabita Agarwal

Original Research

The process of learning, our way of working, thinking and interaction has all changed due to the internet supported by world wide mobile revolution. Currently the 4G’s concept is marching towards the standardization phase. So time has come to introduce a new technology in which we can connect to multiple wireless technologies, networks, terminals and applications, all simultaneously and can also switch between them. This latest technology is named as 5G. 5G (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems) is a term used in some research papers and projects to denote the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the current 4G/IMT- Advanced standards. 5G is considered as beyond 2020 mobile communications technologies. This upcoming technology will support IPv6 and flat IP. This paper addresses an overall description of the 5G systems and its architecture, standard, benefits, challenges in deployment, Security issues and scope of 5G technologies. This paper will also focus the researches being made on worldwide wireless web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Network (DAWN) and real wireless world.

American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2015, 3(2), 22-28. DOI: 10.12691/ajeee-3-2-1
Pub. Date: April 06, 2015

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68898 Views13835 Downloads25 Likes7 Citations