American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2018, 6(1), 32-37
DOI: 10.12691/AJEEE-6-1-5
Original Research

Application of the Feature Selective Validation Method and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to Evaluate Handling Effects on Crosstalk of Ethernet Cables

Olusegun Ogundapo1, , Charles Nche1, Alistair Duffy2 and Gang Zhang3

1School of Information Technology and Computing, American University of Nigeria, PMB 2250, Yola-Nigeria

2School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, LE1 9BH, Leicester, United Kingdom

3School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China

Pub. Date: April 11, 2018

Cite this paper

Olusegun Ogundapo, Charles Nche, Alistair Duffy and Gang Zhang. Application of the Feature Selective Validation Method and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to Evaluate Handling Effects on Crosstalk of Ethernet Cables. American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2018; 6(1):32-37. doi: 10.12691/AJEEE-6-1-5

Abstract

The use of Ethernet cables in internet of things (IoT) infrastructure continues to grow due to high demand as the reach of the IoT itself expands. Crosstalk is a major limiting factor in communications systems that need to be taken into consideration when selecting cables for deployment. In typical installations, these cables require a certain degree of manipulation that involves repeated coiling and uncoiling of a few meters which can adversely affect performance. It is thought that this is especially true with counterfeit or copper clad aluminum (CCA) cables often disguised as compliant Ethernet cables. In this paper, four unshielded twisted pair cables of which one of them is a CCA cable were subjected to three rounds of coiling and uncoiling tests representing installation manual handling. Given the visually complex measurements that are a feature of the Ethernet infrastructure, an approach to quantifying chances is needed that is particularly sensitive and nondiscriminatory. The Feature Selective Validation (FSV) method and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is proposed as an appropriate method to use to assess crosstalk variations between the cables when subjected to this manipulation. The paper shows that the methods do allow quantified measurement of the variations between the tests which can lead to objective decision on the part of the cable installer.

Keywords

Ethernet cable, crosstalk, FSV method, KS test, NEXT

Copyright

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]  K.Fouli and M.Maier,“The Road to Carrier-Grade Ethernet”, IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol.47, Issue 3, March 2009.
 
[2]  H.Lajmi, M. Alimi and S.Ajili, “Using Ethernet Technology for In-Vehicle’s Network Analysis”, in Fifth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, Madrid,pp. 353-358, June 2013.
 
[3]  C. Spurgeon and J. Zimmerman, “Ethernet: The Definitive Guide”, Second Edition, O’Reilly Media Inc., 2014.
 
[4]  L.Tan and N.Wang,, “Future Internet: The Internet of Things” in 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE), China, pp.376-380, August 2010.
 
[5]  J. Stankovic, “Research Directions for the Internet of Things”, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, Vol.1, No.1, pp.3-9, March 2014.
 
[6]  N.Bari, G.Mani and S.Berkorich, “Internet of Things as a Methodological Concept”, Fourth International Conference on Computing for Geospatial Research and Application, San Jose,pp.48-55 July 2013.
 
[7]  A. Burange and H. Misalkar, “Review of Internet of Things in Development of Smart Cities with Data Management and Privacy”, in International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Application, India, pp.189-195, March 2015.
 
[8]  F.Peri, “Non-Compliant and Counterfeit Cable:A Risk Too Real to Ignore”, [Online]. Available: http://cccassoc.org/files/6314/0050/5728/CCCA-Article-on- Non-Compliant-Cable-in-ICT-Today-May-2014.pdf. [Accessed 30 August 2016].
 
[9]  D.B. Kiddoo, “Update: Counterfeit and Non-Compliant Communications Cable”, 63rd International Wire and Cable Symposium, Rhode Island, USA, pp.440-475, November 2014.
 
[10]  D.Barnett and D.Groth, Cabling: The Complete Guide Network Wiring, Third Edition,SYBEX Inc.,2004.
 
[11]  B. Shuman, “Is your Ethernet cable tough enough?”, in Cable Installation and Maintenance Magazine, Vol.21, No.9, September, 2013.
 
[12]  M. Kopin, “Is crosstalk in unshielded twisted pair cable ruining your digital video?”, in Cable Installation and Maintenance Magazine, Vol.23, No.5, May, 2015.
 
[13]  W. Vermillion, End-to-End DSL Architectures, Cisco Press, 2003.
 
[14]  B. Archambeault, A. Duffy and A.Orlandi, “Using the Feature Selective Validation Technique to Compare Data Sets”, in IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Texas USA, pp. 248-253, August 2009.
 
[15]  M.Johnson, “FSV versus Human Subjective Data Evaluation; and Informal Survey”, IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Pittsburgh, pp.679-684, August 2012.
 
[16]  D. Febo, F. Paulis, A. Orlandi, G. Zhang, H. Sasse, A. Duffy et al., “Investigating Confidence Histogram in FSV: Part I. Fuzzy FSV, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 55, No.5 pp.917-924, October 2013.
 
[17]  O. Ventosa, M. Pous, F. Silva, R. Jauregui “Application of Feature Selective Validation Method to Pattern Recognition”, in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol.56, No.4, pp.808-816, August 2014.
 
[18]  F.J. Massey, “The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Goodness of Fit”, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 46, No.253, pp.67-78, March, 1951.
 
[19]  T. Kirkman, “Statistics to Use”, 1996, [Online]. Accessed 15 June 2017: http://www.physics.csbsju.edu/stats/KS-test.html.
 
[20]  G. Zhang, H.Sasse, L.Wang and A.Duffy, “A statistical Assessment of the Performance of FSV,” ACES Journal, Vol. 28, No. 12, pp. 1179-1186, December 2013.
 
[21]  J. Gibbons and S. Chakraborti, Nonparametric Statistical Inference, Marcel Dekker Inc., 2003.
 
[22]  “FLUKE networks: Versiv Cabling Certification Product Family User’s Manual”, [Online]. Accessed 15 June 2017: http://download.flukenetworks.com/Download/Asset/9828877-c- en.pdf.