Electric Power Transmission Enhancement: A Case of Nigerian Electric Power Grid

Emmanuel U. Oleka^1, , Samuel N. Ndubisi² and Gerald K. Ijemaru³

¹Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro NC, USA

²Electrical Engineering Department, University of Port Harcourt, PortHarcourt, Nigeria

³Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria

Cite this paper

Emmanuel U. Oleka, Samuel N. Ndubisi and Gerald K. Ijemaru. Electric Power Transmission Enhancement: A Case of Nigerian Electric Power Grid. American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2016; 4(1):33-39. doi: 10.12691/AJEEE-4-1-5

Abstract

Increase in economic activities resulting from increase in population and social advancement has led to increase in electrical energy demands. This has increased the burdens on the existing transmission assets and in some cases, has caused the loading of the transmission assets beyond their design limits with consequent reduction in power quality and power outages in extreme cases. Many techniques have been developed to enhance the capabilities of the power grids. This paper looks into these techniques with the view to exploring their applicability to the Nigerian 330KV electric power grid, towards seeking ways to enhancing the performance of the grid for better asset utilization. A typical transmission line in the grid was modeled to assess its strengths and weaknesses. Enhancement techniques were then applied to assess their impacts on the line.

Keywords

power transmission, reactive power, active power, voltage profile, line transfer capability

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]	US-Canada-Power-System_Outage-Task-Force, “Final Report on the August 14, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Reecommendations,” 2004. [Online] Available: www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/oeprod/DocumentsandMedia/BlackoutFinal-Web.pdf.
[2]	L. Furby, P. Slovic, B. Fischhoff, and R. Gregory, “Public perceptions of electric power transmission lines,” Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 8, pp. 19-43, 1988.
[3]	UNITED-NATIONS, “Multi Dimensional Issues in International Electric Power Grid Interconnections” United Nation Department of Economic and Social Affiars, 2006, [Online]. Available: http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/publications/energy/interconnections.pdf.
[4]	NERC, “NERC Policy 2: Transmission,” [Online] Available: http://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Version%200%20Relaibility%20StandardsRD/Operating%20Policies %20Markup.pdf.
[5]	B. E. Dikki, “Update-Privatization Issues,” ed: A presentation at the 1st National Council on Power Conference (NACOP) Abuja Nigeria, August 11, 2014.
[6]	H. Saadat, “Power System Analysis,(2nd),” ed: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2009.
[7]	J. Verboomen, D. Van Hertem, P. H. Schavemaker, W. L. Kling, and R. Belmans, “Phase shifting transformers: principles and applications,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 2005 International Conference on Future Power Systems, 2005, pp. 6 pp.-6.
[8]	L. Gyugyi, “Application characteristics of converter-based FACTS controllers,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology, PowerCon., 2000, pp. 391-396.
[9]	E. Wirth and A. Kara, “Innovative power flow management and voltage control technologies,” Power Engineering Journal, vol. 14, pp. 129-140, 2000.
[10]	H. Jin and X. Wilsun, “Extended transmission line loadability curve by including voltage stability constrains,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 2008 Electric Power Conference, EPEC, Canada, 2008, pp. 1-5.
[11]	R. Gutman, P. Marchenko, and R. Dunlop, “Analytical development of loadability characteristics for EHV and UHV transmission lines,” IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, pp. 606-617, 1979.
[12]	WESTERN-AREA-POWER-ADMINISTRATION, “Transmission Enhancement Technology Report “July 2002 [Online]. Available: www.pserc.wisc.edu/documents/.../wapa_technology_report.pdf.
[13]	EEI, “Transmission Projects: At A Glance,” Edison Electric Institute, 2015. [Online] Available: www.eei.org/issuesandpolicy/documents/trans_project_lowres_bookmarked.pdf.
[14]	H. S. Labo, “Current status and future outlook of the transmission network,” in Investors' Forum for the Privatization of PHCN Successor Companies, Abuja Nigeria, January 18, 2010.
[15]	J. U. Ndiagwalukwe, “Frequency Control and Grid Stability,” National Power Summit, Abuja Nigeria, December, 2012.
[16]	I. Samuel, J. Katende, S. A. Daramola, and A. Awelewa, “Review of System Collapse Incidences on the 330-kV Nigerian National Grid,” International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, vol. 3, pp. 55-59, 2014.
[17]	Presidential Task Force on Power, “2014 Year In Review”, Annual Report of the Presidential Task Force on Power (PTFP), 2015.
[18]	C. C. Okoro and K. C. Achugbu, “Performance Analysis and Indices for the Existing Nigerian 330KV National Power Grid,” in Proceedings of International Conference and Exhibition on Power and Telecommunication, ICEPT, Abuja Nigeria, 2008.